Despite the fact that some of them were denied the right to vote or hold office in local jurisdictions, Sephardi Jews became active in community affairs in the 1790s, after they were granted political equality in the five states where they were most numerous. įor the first time, the English Plantation Act 1740 permitted Jews to become British citizens and emigrate to the colonies. Those early arrivals were mostly Sephardi Jewish immigrants, of Western Sephardic (also known as Spanish and Portuguese Jewish) ancestry, but by 1720 Ashkenazi Jews from diaspora communities in Central and Eastern Europe predominated. However, they were small in number, with at most 200 to 300 having arrived by 1700. Jews were present in the Thirteen Colonies since the mid-17th century. 2.7.1 American Jews at American higher education institutionsįurther information: Antisemitism in the United States and History of antisemitism in the United States.2.4 Assimilation and population changes.2.2 Significant Jewish population centers.1.3 Participation in civil rights movements.It is estimated that up to 15,000,000 Americans are part of the "enlarged" American Jewish population, accounting for 4.5% of the total US population, consisting of those who have at least one Jewish grandparent and would be eligible for Israeli citizenship under the Law of Return. This includes 4.9 million adults who identify their religion as Jewish, 1.2 million Jewish adults who identify with no religion, and 1.6 million Jewish children. As of 2020, the core American Jewish population is estimated at 7.6 million people, accounting for 2.4% of the total US population.
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The American Jewish community manifests a wide range of Jewish cultural traditions, encompassing the full spectrum of Jewish religious observance.ĭepending on religious definitions and varying population data, the United States has the largest or second largest Jewish community in the world, after Israel. ĭuring the colonial era, prior to the mass immigration of Ashkenazi Jews, Sephardic Jews who arrived via Portugal represented the bulk of America's then-small Jewish population, and while their descendants are a minority today, they, along with an array of other Jewish communities, represent the remainder of American Jews, including other more recent Sephardi Jews, Mizrahi Jews, Beta Israel-Ethiopian Jews, various other ethnically Jewish communities, as well as a smaller number of converts to Judaism. Today the Jewish community in the United States consists primarily of Ashkenazi Jews, who descend from diaspora Jewish populations of Central and Eastern Europe and comprise about 90–95% of the American Jewish population. American Jews or Jewish Americans are American citizens who are Jewish, whether by religion, ethnicity, culture, or nationality.
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